Obesity And Obesity Among Adults Essay - 1487 Words

The subject of this paper is overweight and obesity among adults in the U.S. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of scale of the problem of overweight and obesity. A literature review on the topic was conducted with the goal of identifying factors that have proven to be successful in weight loss programs. Then the Health Belief Model will be described and applied to a proposed weight loss intervention. 1. Overview of Obesity Overweight and obesity is an urgent and universal problem. Between 1980 and 2013, the global proportion of adult men with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25.0 and greater has risen from almost 29% to 37% and of adult women with a BMI of 30% to 38% (Ng, et al. 766). The prevalence of overweight or obesity among children and adolescents in the developed and developing countries has also risen substantially. From 2006, the increase in rates of adult obesity in developed countries has now begun to slow (Ng, et al 766). Heart disease, stroke, and cancers are the three leading causes of mortality in the U.S., and all are associated with overweight and obesity (Okunade, Rubin, Okunade 2). Obesity is the underlying factor for hypertension, low HDL cholesterol, high serum cholesterol, hyperglycemia (Grundy, et al. 434). All of these factors have an adverse impact on cardiovascular health. Unhealthy lifestyles choices underlie these chronic diseases, including diabetes (Romano Scott 707). In the U.S., overweight and obesity are secondShow MoreRelatedObesity Among Children, Adolescents And Adults845 Words   |  4 PagesObesity among children, adolescents and adults has emerged as one of the most serious public health concerns in the 21st century. Being overweight or being considered obese is typically a direct result from daily lifestyle choices, the consequences of which gradually accumulate. Genetics and social factors such as socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, media and marketing as well as the physical environment also influence energy consumption and expenditure (KoyuncuoÄŸlu Gà ¼ngà ¶r, 2014). Obesity seemsRead MoreObesity Among Small Children And Young Adults2771 Words   |  12 PagesOne of the largest issues in the United States that is continuing to grow is Obesity among small children and young adults. Many in America seem to think that the quickest way in one’s busy life it to pick up something on the way home from work, school, daycare, etc. The whole reason children and adults are so obese in America is because they are filled with so much stress by the end of the day that it is â€Å"easier† to buy food already made than to come home and make a homemade healthy meal. A lotRead MoreIs Depression among Young Adults and Teenagers Related to Obesity?1862 Words   |  8 PagesResearch Question: Is Depression among young adults and teenagers related to obesity? Boutelle, K. N., Hannan, P., Fulkerson, J. A., Crow, S. J., Stice, E. (2010). Obesity as a prospective predictor of depression in adolescent females. Health Psychology, 29(3), 293-298. doi: 10.1037/a0018645 Teenage years are a very challenging and difficult period in the life of an adolescent. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate whether beingRead MoreObesity Is A Major Public Health Crisis Among Children And Adults2380 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Almost seven in 10 parents say their child’s school does not provide daily physical education even though experts recommend 150 to 225 minutes per school week† (HSPH). Obesity is a major public health crisis among children and adults, and it is one of the leading causes of death. Over the years, childhood obesity has become an increasing and ongoing concern for many parents, in regards to their child’s health and well being. The lack of Physical Education in public schools has decreased over theRead MoreSupplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Food Insecurity, Dietary Quality, And Obesity Among Us Adults2012 Words   |  9 Pagessurvive day to day, that view is your luxury. Food is important to y our health, and when you are not getting the proper nutrients, your health suffers. â€Å"The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Food Insecurity, Dietary Quality, and Obesity Among US Adults† by Binh Nguyen, Kerem Shuval, Farryl Bertmann, and Amy Yaroch talks about food insecurity, which they define as â€Å"†¦having limited access to adequate food is associated with increased stress levels and reduced overall well-being.† They sayRead MoreObesity : A Common And Costly Health Issue Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesObesity have been increasing over the last 30 years, with high rates globally, and among all economic levels. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures: Obesity, a common and costly health issue that increases risk for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, affects more than one-third of adults and 17 percent of youth in the United States. By the numbers, 78 million adults and 12 million children are obese—figures many regard as an epidemic (â€Å"Obesity Statistics in the UnitedRead More Critiquing Internet Sources The author is keen in analyzing the issue of excessive consumption of800 Words   |  4 Pages \ Critiquing Internet Sources The author is keen in analyzing the issue of excessive consumption of alcohol among college students. He acknowledges that excessive drinking is a common problem among college and university students and wants to explore why such students indulge in such a risky behavior. The author uses a reliable number of students when looking at the drinking problem and chooses the correct age, which is students below 21 years (Dodd et al, 2010). The results of the author’sRead MoreEssay on Obesity in America on the Rise1266 Words   |  6 PagesObesity in America Today, 78.1 million American adults and 12.5 million children are obese. Obesity in America is a unstoppable epidemic. Since the 1960s, the number of obese adults have doubled and the number of obese children have tripled. Because of America’s obesity problems, Surgeon General David Satcher issued a report saying; The Surgeon Generals Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight, said that obesity have reached epidemic proportions in America. Obesity in America has noRead MoreObesity : The State Of Imbalance Between The Calories1459 Words   |  6 PagesObesity is the state of imbalance between the calories consumed versus the calories expended leading to an excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue resulting in physical and psychological problems. The excess fat is distributed in the body either around the waist (abdominal fat), trunk (android store fat) or gynoid store fat in hips/thighs. The primary causes of obesity are inactivity, unhealthy diet and eating habit s, genetics, unhealthy diet and lifestyle, certain medications like antidepressantsRead MoreObesity s Effect On Sex Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesObesity s Effect On Sex Image retrieved from http://panarchy-sj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/low-sex-drive-woman.jpg (Imaged retrieved from ) According to the CDC website the percentage of adults at the age of 20 with obesity in the United States is 37.% from the years 2013-2014 but the percentage of adults 20 years and older with overweight and obesity is a staggering 70.7% of the United States. In women obesity was rated higher with 38.3% than in men with a 34.3% of the population from

The Challenges Of Being a University Student and a Mom Essay

Within the growing number of women in higher education, there is a growing population of students who are also mothers. Mothers attempting to obtain a degree contend with home and family demands that affect their degree completion rates (Carney-Crompton Tan, 2002; Home, 1998). These postsecondary education students, unlike their traditional peers, are not developing into adult identities that are supported by a traditional college setting (Arnett, Ramos Jensen, 2001; Arnett, 2000) but instead already have an adult identity as a mother (Wilsey, 2013) with a different set of needs and because of the familial responsibility motherhood brings with it these women are no longer â€Å"traditional† students (Cross, 1981; Bean Metzer, 1985, 1987;†¦show more content†¦It is through better understanding the student mother experiences and the types of institutional supports they may or may not need that we can assist them in becoming more active members of the academy, stayin g in postsecondary education versus â€Å"stopping out† or â€Å"dropping out† and decrease the marginalization they experience in the traditional model of the university. Thus, the qualitative research study discussed in this paper was conducted in 2008-2009 and involved in-depth interviewing and a short survey. Furthermore, the sample that participated in this research study included 24 student mothers (ages 18-30) with children under the age of five, who are also enrolled part-time in undergraduate or graduate coursework (i.e., at least one class per semester). Mothers of children under five are unique because children within this age cohort are more dependent on their caregivers and are normally not in school full-time. Consequently, women’s motherhood responsibilities are less flexible than they might be in future years. The findings discussed in this article will address a portion of the overall outcomes from this research study focusing on the experience s these student mothers had with institutional support available via the university and the needs that the student mothers believe should be addressed by universities in order to improve the student mother educationalShow MoreRelatedAn Adult Woman With Kids Requires An Awesome Amount Of Insanity1167 Words   |  5 Pagescomes with a title called the as mother. Ask any student, he/she will tell you that being a student is the toughest job in the world. Juggling between the grades and credits, the classes and labs. Now consider a person doing both of these together. This is the life of a student mom. It is a challenge to understand that how a young mom balances both parenting and student life at the same time. Though few tricks and good management skills can make a student mom’s life much easier. Before talking aboutRead MoreSocial Network Research Proposal769 Words   |  4 PagesNew International Students of Ohio University Background International students need social support because they will face at least two challenges in the new academic settings. First, the adaptation to the new environment because of different geographic location, climate and also different culture. Second, adaptation to new educational system that may differ with home country system with different academic demand. Moreover, International students will also challenged by being away from family andRead MoreCollege Has Changed Me At The University Of Arizona988 Words   |  4 PagesBefore attending the University of Arizona, I felt a need to set a specific goal to achieve in ten years later. The collegiate journey was more different than I aspect. With far more about many options in careers, I had realized that broader goals could help me explore what actually interest me the most. Before I started college, I had chosen pre-physiology. However, I am majoring in biomedical engineering now and really enjoy taking engineering courses. Currently , I have broadened my horizons toRead MoreOld Alejandr The Window Of The Picture Frame Inside The Hallway Of Her Family s Coachella Valley Home964 Words   |  4 Pagesmilestones, the framed diplomas would not only serve as a signpost of the latest achievement, but as a reminder of the journey still ahead as evidenced by the presence of the remaining empty frames. Paralysis Initiates Perseverance â€Å"My mom always reminds me that I was a challenge since the day I was born—that I fought to get the opportunity to simply live when doctors didn’t think I would live beyond my first year,† Alejandra said. â€Å"I challenged death, so what can stop me now? Now I know that you focus onRead MoreWhen Reflecting On The Challenges That I Face As A Teacher,948 Words   |  4 Pages When reflecting on the challenges that I face as a teacher, some major challenges quickly stand out. Such obstacles are overpopulated classrooms, excessive paperwork, and limited resources. Even though these challenges are the first that come to mind, they are not my biggest hurdles. The two most significant challenges to me are the restraints from time and balancing personal life and work. It always seems like there is not enough time in a school day or year. At the start of the yearRead MoreWhat Is The Art Of Rhetoric?817 Words   |  4 Pagesfunding for schools, how lazy teachers and students were, etc. Watching and hearing about the few spots in some schools were new for me. Because I’ve never had to be given a random number, wait for it to be called, and then to become accepted into a school. 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The show documents the lives of four teenage mothers as they struggle to cope with the burden of childrearing in a financially demanding society while trying to navigate through the journey of adolescence. Once catering to a music oriented teenage consumer, MTV has reinvented itself as a teen reality television powerhouse, with many of its reality shows, including Teen Mom II, consistently dominating inRead More Personal Goal Essay845 Words   |  4 Pages Personal Goal My personal goal as a student at the University of Phoenix is to obtain a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Management within the next two years. This goal is very important to me because of the impact it will have on my family, work and personal life. In my family it will set a positive example for my daughters, grandchildren, and youngest sister. 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Hiv Routes Of Transmission Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(97) " more powerful in handling HIV positive patients, when the CD4 count is less than 350 cells/mm3\." Human immunodeficiency virus HIV is a lentivirus from retrovirus household that causes a HIV Infections in worlds which alters the immune system in a really terrible manner. HIV causes Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) at the last phase of the infection. The virus attacks immune system which makes people much weaker in contending against infections and assorted terrible diseases1. We will write a custom essay sample on Hiv Routes Of Transmission Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The chief focal point of this virus on human cells is to destruct the CD4 positive T Cells of the organic structure ‘s immune system. Destruction of CD4 positive T cells makes it worse for the immune system to contend against the infections, which allows life-threatening timeserving infections and more wellness jobs which may take to decease. Human immune system consists of of import cells which are being destroyed by HIV. This leads to moo CD4 count which in bend makes the human organic structure weak in contending against the infections2. HIV is found in the blood, chest milk, seeds and vaginal fluids of an septic individual. The virus is transmitted from one individual to another through blood to blood and sexual contact. HIV Infected individual ‘s Saliva with blood or any other organic structure fluids can be harmful and infective. HIV can be transmitted in different ways, such as sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, and besides contaminated subcutaneous acerate leafs. In the UK, the most common manner of acquiring HIV is by unprotected sexual intercourse with a individual who is HIV positive. It has shown in the UK statistics 2010 from the Health Protection Agency that 95 % of those diagnosed with HIV Positive due to sexual Contact. This shows that bulk in the UK get infected by HIV is through sexual intercourse which includes vaginal, anal and unwritten sex. This virus enters through the blood stream in different ways like lacerate tegument, oral cavity and eyes liners, and besides through the thin liner o f the anus and genitalias. HIV is non transmitted from an septic individual through caressing, caressing, ptyalizing, sharing bath towels or cutter, utilizing the same swimming pool and oral cavity to talk contact1. From the recent study, it has been shown that the following groups of people are at higher hazard of HIV infection which includes people who are shooting drugs, sex workers every bit Wellss as work forces holding sexual intercourse with men3. There are assorted methods to forestall HIV Transmission in our community through avoiding activities that leads you to dangerous jobs, such as unprotected sex and sharing septic acerate leafs and other assorted shooting equipments1, educating and reding people with HIV positive by the doctors and supplying them the best intervention so that to forestall HIV transmittal in general4. Current UK guidelines on HIV purpose to increase HIV proving in all health care sectors to diminish the sum of undiagnosed HIV infections. It is suggested that HIV trial should be offered to general populace in some sectors and besides to high hazard people in other different sectors ( for illustration, general pattern ) . The Department of wellness ( DH ) asked the National institute of wellness and clinical Excellence ( NICE ) to develop public wellness counsel to increase HIV proving between work forces who have sexual connexions with work forces to cut down undiagnosed infection and besides to forestall HIV transmittal. HIV Testing is one of the most of import factors which helps and guides the full community in UK through reduced HIV transmission5. Harmonizing to the statistics sing HIV, 6000 to 7000 people are diagnosed HIV Positive each twelvemonth in England. This is an of import factor to inquire the full community to concentrate and get the better of this job. Hence, encourage people to prosecute in different methods to forestall HIV transmittal and salvage the community in general with supplying proper consciousness sing HIV6. One of the most effectual ways to forestall HIV transmittal is through sex that is abstain from sex is the surest method to forestall HIV. If you decide to hold sex so acquire tested foremost to avoid HIV transmittal between you and your partner7. Use of rubber right in sexual activity is the most of import and advantageous point to halt the HIV spread and other infections which are sexually transmitted at every individual clip you have acute sex. Condoms are being marketed in different types of colors, forms, texture and spirits. Male rubbers are made up of latex or polyurethane and female rubbers are besides known as FC2, which is used for vaginal sex only7. Second, usage of merely water-based lubricators can increase sexual pleasance every bit good as safety, merely by adding wet to the vagina or anus during sexual intercourse. Lubricants decreases the hazard of vaginal or anal cryings which can be caused by waterlessness and besides it protects the rubber from rupturing off durin g sexual activity1. Third, usage of dental dike reduces hazard of sexually transmitted infections. It works as a wall between the oral cavity and vagina during unwritten sex. Fourthly, avoid utilizing septic acerate leafs, panpipes, or spoons which can expose you to HIV and other viruses which are found in the blood1. Pharmacological Prevention of HIV transmittal is through medical specialties and there are different methods used in forestalling its spread. Antiretroviral therapies ( ARTs ) are used to handle HIV, which prevents viral spread in the organic structure. A combination therapy of antiretroviral or extremely active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) is used for the effectual bar of HIV reproduction and transmittal in the organic structure. CD4 count and viral burden blood trial are two of import factors which help the physicians to make up one’s mind on the intervention of that peculiar patient. Treatment is normally starts when the individuals CD4 counts shows below 350, irrespective of their presence or absence of their symptoms1. Harmonizing to WHO guidelines, it states that ART inductions are really good in forestalling HIV every bit good as clinically, they are more powerful in handling HIV positive patients, when the CD4 count is less than 350 cells/mm3. You read "Hiv Routes Of Transmission Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" Viral burden plays the major function in HIV transmittal as it is one of the highest hazard factor in this scenario. When the viral burden is less than 1500 copies/mm3, the hazard of conveying HIV is about nothing as suggested by recent surveies. Evidence shows that the viral burden degrees are decreased by ART, hence bounds HIV transmittal depending on individual ‘s HIV position. WHO guidelines shows that they are chiefly engaged on extinguishing HIV and they strongly suggest that the usage of ART protects the full community which besides includes kids and pregnant adult females by handling and forestalling them from the spread of HIV8. There are differen t groups of ART medicines to forestall and handle HIV infection1. Virus attaches to the host cell whereby it fuses with the host cell membrane. After the incursion into the host cell, the outer coat of the virus is removed and familial stuff and an enzyme released into the host cell, which is called rearward RNA polymerase, which converts viral RNA to viral DNA, so viral DNA penetrates to the host cell nucleus where by two procedure takes topographic point which includes written text and interlingual rendition takes topographic point which leads to bring forth new virions through peptidase enzyme2. Different antiretroviral medical specialties holding different mark but with one purpose, that is to suppress viral reproduction. Rearward RNA polymerase inhibitors are of two types that includes nucleoside contrary RNA polymerase inhibitors and non-nucleoside contrary RNA polymerase inhibitors. NRTIs are defective constructing blocks of Deoxyribonucleic acid when they are incorporated into HIV DNA, hence blocks the viral reproduction procedure, by non finishing the Deoxyribonucleic acid Chain. NNRTs bind to the enzyme contrary RNA polymerase and suppress the procedure of viral replication2. NNRTs are used in the intervention or HIV-1 but it is seldom used for HIV-2 in the UK9. Protease Inhibitors are inhibits the procedure of production of viral stuff through interfering with the peptidase enzyme. In the UK, Protease Inhibitors are Entry Inhibitors are inhibitors involved in barricading the virus to adhere with the host cellular membrane that lead to the obstruction of virus into the host cell. Integrase inhibitors are involved in barricading the procedure of integrating of viral familial stuff into the Host D NA by suppressing integrase enzyme. Microbicides are chemical and pharmacologic substances that are used for destructing some micro-organisms that cause terrible jobs to worlds. Many compounds are being produced and tested their effectivity against microbicidal activity in clinical tests. These merchandises are being produced for vaginal every bit good as rectal applications to protect from HIV infections and other sexually transmitted diseases. Presently, scientists are working on this undertaking in developing microbicides for forestalling HIV transmittals and heighten the degree of patient safety12. Post-exposure prophylaxis ( PEP ) is ARTs used after the exposure like occupational injuries10 or sexual exposure11 to forestall HIV infection. PEP medicines are non yet proved every bit good as unlicensed in the UK. They are merely supported by experimenting on animate beings. Besides, there are ongoing surveies for pre-exposure prophylaxis where it includes antiretroviral drugs before the exposure to HIV2. Another preventative step against HIV is through Vaccination procedure. Presently, HIV Vaccine is non available but it is one of the on-going research at a really early phase to bring forth effectual HIV Vaccine into the market so that to protect the full community against HIV infection. Since 1990, surveies have shown that the HIV spread from female parent to kid has been increased every twelvemonth. The Department of Health policy proposing that an HIV Test to be carried out in each and every pregnant adult females and has shown that it has addition consciousness in adult females prior to bringing and it has shown that more than 80 % of the adult females are cognizant in London, 2001 every bit good as it has reduced the figure of babies being infected in the UK13. Antiretroviral interventions ( ART ) are being used in gestation to forestall HIV transmittal from female parent to child. It is suggested that if you are HIV Positive so do non breast feed your kid, as virus transmittal can happen through chest milk1. Overall guidelines and counsel of antiretroviral therapy are being provided to forestall transmittal of HIV from female parent to child14. Pre-exposure prophylaxis ( PrEP ) in HIV protects healthy people from HIV infection. Current surveies and clinical tests are in the procedure of developing of PrEP to forestall transmittal of HIV. Surveies have shown a lessenings hazard of HIV infection among animate beings that are exposed to ARVs. PrEP has shown its effectivity in â€Å" humanized † research lab mice in the survey which was conducted in 200715 and besides, ARVs are given to female parents and babies to cut down HIV transimmsion16. The PrEP research surveies uses the drug called tenofovir that is delivered by unwritten path or topical path. It has shown in the four clinical tests that it reduces the hazard of acquiring HIV infection but in the two tests have shown no good response. As of today, there are two on-going surveies that have non yet published their findings on the consequence of HIV transimmision. There are many challenges in relation to safety and effectivity of PrEP inventions. Besides combinatio ns pill called TruvadaA ® ( Tenofovir and Emtricitabine ) which was accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) for the intent in HIV intervention in 2004. Truvada, as a PrEP was approved by the FDA in July, 2012 for forestalling from HIV transmittal. Powerful research grounds shows that the PrEP is safe and effectual when used systematically for diminishing the hazard of acquiring HIV sexually17. In Conclusion, it can be said that there are different paths of HIV transmittal and besides several methods are available to forestall its transmittal. Currently, many surveies are â€Å" traveling on † to develop new merchandises to forestall and handle HIV patients efficaciously with decreased hazard involved. Besides, public consciousness play a immense function in HIV bar by educating them through assorted resources like chew the fating with them or telephone conversations or supplying proper information on HIV transmittal with its badness. Harmonizing to the recent results of HIV transmittal in the UK, there are assorted factors must be followed by the general populace so that cut down the figure of people by acquiring infected through acquiring sex instruction, attachment to medicines and to avoid unprotected sex or work forces to work forces sex. This can take to healthy long life of our patients and diminish the figure of morbidity and mortality. Centres for Disease co ntrol and Prevention stated that about 50,000 people are freshly infected with HIV in the United States each year.18 From the estimations it shows that HIV is one of the terrible issue in our community which can take to decease as it is easy transmitted. Hence, Prevention of HIV transmittal is the most good factor to salvage our community with development of new merchandises which have different pharmacological marks to avoid opposition of the Drug. How to cite Hiv Routes Of Transmission Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Marketing Management and Communication- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Management and Digital Communication. Answer: Introduction Hublot is a luxury group of watchmakers, which was founded in the year 1980 by an Italian named Carlo Crocco. The company operates presently under a company called LVMH of France, which is a wholly owned subsidiary. The company in its initial years took three years in making the strap of the watch and made its debut in the Basel Watch Fair in the year 1980 and turned out to be a commercial success, as the sales were made in excess of $2 million within the first year (Raffaelli, 2014). The company launched its Big Bang chronograph series of watches in the year 2005 after the company had a new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in 2004 named Jean-Claude Biver. The Big Bang series of watches was a huge success and the number of orders had increased within the first month. The watch received the 2005 Design Prize, the Geneva Watchmaking Grand Prix and other prizes as well from all over the globe (Bastian et al., 2016). Description of the watch The outer casing of the watch is 45 mm and the case is blue sapphire crystal, which is polished perfectly. The bezel of the watch also has a blue sapphire crystal with titanium screws, which are shaped as 6 H. The inner case of the watch has an anti-reflective treatment for the crystal and the dial consists of a polished and Smoked Transparent Composite Resin Skeleton along with a Blue Luminescence. The hands of the watch are finished with satin products and have a blue luminescence as well. the strap of the watch is known as the blue transparent lined straps that are structured in nature and the clasp has a titanium deployant buckle (Bashutkina, 2016). The inner working of the watch is that it has a chronograph that is self winding along with a flyback movement and column wheel. The battery can reserve its power up to 72 hours and can resist water up to 50m or 5ATM. The watch has been limited to a hundred pieces, as it targets only the higher classes of people in the society. The company tries to attract the affluent sections of people within the society so that they can afford to buy the watch and appreciate the effort that has been put in to it by the workers. It is seen that recently the demand for watches has increased to a great extent all over the world, which has helped the company in increasing its sales. The company has launched a new store in Sydney in the year 2017, as the trend of wearing luxury watches in the Australian market has increased by 17 percent. The overall increase in wearing electronic gadgets has also seen a rise of 41 percent in the financial year of 2016-17 (Sicard, 2013). Mission The mission of the company is to create the product by combining the art of fusion. This helps the company in creating the products based on current issues so that the customers can be aware of the problems. SWOT analysis Strengths The company has developed an innovative material for its products, which can resist the scratches. The material has been named as Magic gold, which has become popular on a global level. The company has more than 40 boutiques on a global scale, which has helped them in increasing the sale of its products. The company has benefitted mostly through its association with the parent company, which is a well renowned industry with respect to luxury goods. The company is known for the fusion that they create with different types of materials along with the use of precious materials in a traditional manner. The company has also been associated with major football events and was the official timekeeper of the games (Pinkhasov Nair, 2014). Weaknesses The presence of the company is not that strong when it is compared to the other watch companies that are present in different countries. Another main weakness of the company is that it does not uses extensive strategies for advertising when compared to other experts of the watch making industry (Pla, Pelletier Bertrand, 2014). Opportunities The company has tried to increase its number of stores from 2011 onwards, which has helped the customers by providing them a better and wider reach. The category of luxury watches is becoming vastly popular in the markets, as it is appealing to the customers of the developing markets in a better manner. Threats The number of fake watches bearing the same identity of the logo of the company has surrounded the market and they sell at a cheaper rate. The other luxury brands of watches offer stiff competition to Hublot due to its increased reach among the customers through better advertisements, which has helped in attracting the customers towards it and decreased the sales of Hublot (Pinkhasov Nair, 2014). Competitor analysis The Australian market consists of many exotic watch companies, which provides tough competition to Hublot. The companies such as Zenith, Rolex and Tissot have a very good presence in the market due to the use of extensive advertising campaigns, which has helped in attracting majority of the customers. The rival companies are very active on the social media platforms, which helps them in attracting the customers for increasing the sales of their products (Donze, 2014). Marketing objectives The primary marketing objectives that the company can adopt in the Australian market are as follows: Simple he company needs to set its objectives in a simple manner so that it can be achieved in an easy manner. The objectives have to be set in a manner, which will help in associating the audience with the brand. This will help in selling the product in a better manner, as the customers can understand the value and the need of the watches. The interest among the customers will rise once they can understand the aim that the company wants to set in the market. The company tries to innovate the products in a better manner so that it can provide the customers with a new type of product, which are not similar to the previous models (Bello, 2016). Measurable The company has to study the market in a better manner so that it can understand the trend that is being followed in the market, which will help in selling off the product in a better manner. The use of the sales metric system will help the company in gaining a better understanding about the figures of sale that the company may try to achieve in the market. This will help the company in providing a detailed report to the stakeholders so that the information can be communicated in an efficient manner within the company (Ostapenko, 2016). Attainable The company needs to establish a better distribution system so that the product can be marketed in a better way within the Australian market. The distribution system needs to be efficient so that the product can be available in the retail store of the company along with the online system so that the customers can avail both the options in purchasing the product. The watches that are provided by the company follow the trend that is present in the culture of the consumers within the Australian market. The products made by the company help the customers in developing a better taste with respect to fashion in the wristwatch category. This will help the company in increasing their sales within the market (Donze, 2014). Relevance The setting of the objective, which is of high standard, will help the company in growing in a better manner, as the company will invest a large number of resources. The amount that will be invested by the company will help them in marketing the product and distribute it accordingly within the Australian market. Time The objectives that has been set by the company needs to be achieved within the first six months so that it can create the maximum impact on the customers. This will help the company in attracting the customers towards themselves at a faster rate so that the rival companies cannot take the opportunity by providing the customers with an advantage (Sicard, 2013). Financial objectives Profit maximization objective This objective helps in growing the interest of the owners towards the retail store, which results in taking better decisions. The competition that takes place within the market helps the company in maximizing its profits by applying the various economic theories. The revenues and costs have to be calculated in a better manner so that it can help in maximizing the profit of the company. This objective will help the company in making profits within a shorter span of time (Theurillat Donze, 2017). Wealth maximization This objective will help the company in maximizing its wealth with the action that will be taken up by the senior management. The action will be based on the difference of the present value of the company in the market and the cost of value of the company. The actions that will be taken up will help the company in increasing its wealth. This objective will help the company in ensuring its survival within the market and help in the growth of the company as well. The risk of the company can be calculated in a better manner so that it can be avoided on a prior basis, which will help the company in the long run (Semens, 2016). Sales maximization The growth of the company will also depend on the marketing and sales that the company will do so that it can attract the customers. The revenue from the sales will benefit the company, as the share of the company in the market will increase that will create a positive impact on the status of the company in the Australian market. The increase in the sales of the company will help the company in earning better revenues, which will help the company in gaining some prestige in the market within the first six months (Theurillat Donze, 2017). Marketing mix strategy Product The product that will be offered by Hublot is a watch known as Big Bang Blue, which is a limited edition watch manufactured by the company. The product will be available for only a few customers, as only hundred pieces will be made for the market. Thus, it will increase the demand among the potential customers who have developed an interest in luxury watches (Sicard, 2013). Place The company has opened its retail outlet in Sydney, which is one of the marketing hubs in Australia. The presence of affluent people and a better demographic structure in the place will help in attracting the customers towards the brand. Sydney is one of the major commercial centres in Australia, as there are many multinational corporations that are operating in that place. This will help the company in selling the product in a better manner (Semens, 2016). Price The price of the product is high, as it will appeal only to the affluent section of the people in the society. The product will have a limited supply in the market and belongs to the category of luxury watches, which has an influence on the price of the product. The price will be competitive with the rival companies such as Rolex and Tissot so that it can help in attracting the customers (Bochenek Blili, 2014). Promotion The company will promote its product by using the social media platforms in an efficient manner so that it can help in grabbing the attention of the customers. The advertisements will be present in Facebook and Twitter, as most of the younger generation for whom the product is manufactured are hooked on to these sites. This will help the company in spreading awareness about the product among the target customers (Tallent, 2014). Digital Marketing communication plan The company will promote its product extensively on the social media so that it can have a wider reach in the market and the customers can be aware of the product that is available in the market. The company has also sponsored many events in the Australian market such as the Golden Snipper, Racing events and the Autumn Carnival that is held in Sydney, which has ensured the awareness of the product within the customers. These have helped the company in associating on a close manner with the target customers so that the product can be sold in an easy manner (Schaffmeister, 2015). Action plan Plan 1st Month 2nd Month 3rd Month 4th Month 5th Month 6th Month SMART Specific Measurable Attainable Relevance Time Financial objective Profit Wealth Sales (Source: Created by Author) Reference List Bashutkina, M. (2016, July). Building strong luxury brand in Swiss Watchmaking industry. In2016 Global Marketing Conference at Hong Kong(pp. 426-435). Bastian, M., O'shea, T., Solur, S. V., Spate, B. (2016).U.S. Patent No. D756,244. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Bello, O. O. (2016).Sponsorship in Sports: Types, Classification and Importance to Sports Organizations(Master's thesis, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU)-Do?u Akdeniz niversitesi (DA)). Bochenek, L. M., Blili, S. (2014). Social media championsDrivers and sophistication process of social media strategic management. InSocial media in strategic management(pp. 143-167). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Donz, P. Y. (2014). Omegas Choice. InA Business History of the Swatch Group(pp. 92-101). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Donz, P. Y. (2014). The Swatch Groups Competitors. InA Business History of the Swatch Group(pp. 112-129). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Ostapenko, N. (2016). The Expansion of a Niche Luxury Watchmaker: Sj Sandstrm in Europe.The Journal of Applied Business and Economics,18(4), 92. Pinkhasov, M., Nair, R. J. (2014). The strengths and weaknesses of luxury. InReal Luxury(pp. 28-55). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Plan, G. C., Pelletier, L., Bertrand, D. (2014). be bold be daring be different. Raffaelli, R. (2014). Jean-Claude Biver (A): The Reemergence of the Swiss Watch Industry. Schaffmeister, N. (2015). Brand building and marketing in key emerging markets.Cham: Springer. Semens, A. (2016). Football Sponsorship.Routledge Handbook of Football Studies. Sicard, M. (2013).Luxury, Lies and Marketing: Shattering the Illusions of the Luxury Brand. Springer. Sicard, M. (2013).Luxury, Lies and Marketing: Shattering the Illusions of the Luxury Brand. Springer. Tallent, G. (2014, July). The Social Media Canvas and Its Use in Strategy Formulation. InEuropean Conference on Social Media. Theurillat, T., Donz, P. Y. (2017). Retail networks and real estate: the case of Swiss luxury watches in China and Southeast Asia.The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research,27(2), 126-145.

Stratified and Cluster Sampling

The Middle Eat and the Woman Question essays

The Middle Eat and the Woman Question essays The role of women is crucial to any society's formation. Particularly in the Middle East, the correlation between gender and the nation is instrumental in the formation of the modern state. Essentially, the "Woman Question" attempts to understand the role of women within the modern state and their effect on its construction. It is not a gendered analysis but a holistic approach to understanding society in the Middle East. In following the emergence of women's movements in Egypt, Jordan, and Iran, a connection is clear: Nationalism and revolutions, or the lack thereof, have impacted women immensely. To understand the status of women in these countries, the relationship between women and the state must be established. In her examination of women's movements from 1900-1945, Ellen Fleischmann presents three thematic stages of development. The first is the awakening in which social practices that affect women are questioned. Following this awakening, is an "adoption of nationalism as a liberating discourse," which connects women's nationalist activities to their liberation. Finally, the third stage brings the evolution of state feminism. In this way, "nationalism often had a 'releasing effect' on women...through their involvement in nationalism, they developed over time an internal critique of gender relations." This framework referred to women's movements in the first half of the 20th Century. However, these stages are useful in examining the modern movements in the Middle East and how they relate to gender and the nation. Qasim Amin presents a convincing correlation between repressive government rule and the consequential treatment of women. He credits Egypt's system to authoritarian government rule, which was mirrored within the family. A repressive government led to the suppression of women within the home and society. Here the woman question is determined and overshadowed by despotic rule. The nation had its biggest impact ...

Narrative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Narrative - Essay Example Instead of becoming anguished at the knowledge that he proudly brings across a personal account of how he gradually led Fortunato to his ill fate of death in his palazzo, I feel that he plainly needs to be understood of a principle that nobody should dare underestimate. It is as though not even great friendship could save from breaking a man like Montresor who justifies himself by claiming that he is the kind who would not let an insult by anyone pass without getting redressed. He states â€Å"I must not only punish, but punish with impunity† and this makes a reader realize the severity or gravity of Fortunato’s shortfall in an occasion of insult which, to the part of the wronged friend, occurs impossible to forgive (Poe). Apparently, even if Montresor provides no specific details of the manner he was gravely disappointed or disgraced by Fortunato, I can readily gain an insight of understanding the ground for conflict when he begins with an exaggeration – â€Å" The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could.† Through their conversation, one would have an ease of recognizing that both Montresor and Fortunato belonged to the upper class of an Italian society since the former had mansion and the latter was a connoisseur of wine. Though no particulars are mentioned regarding the place where the two exactly met other than carnival, this is sufficient hint of a spot in which Fortunato could be found inebriated upon drinking heavily. At this stage, Montresor is said to have entered the scene and communicated the Amontillado in possession, the lure of which Fortunato had not been able to resist in his imagination despite the fact that he was already high in spirits. Eventually, Fortunato kept exclaiming â€Å"Amontillado!† so that this portion of the story indicates Poe’s use of foreshadowing where Montresor must have known his friend’s weakness prior so he may work around this aspect to carry out his pla n of revenge. He looks widely aware of the drunken man’s affairs and his serious fascination for liquor that he had thus acquired the opportunity to take advantage of his poor situation, knowing that Fortunato was subject to being a victim of his own foolishness and addiction to spirits. Then because this is the case, Montresor felt confident that he could effortlessly drag his target toward his course of entrapment which was merely due to Fortunato’s illusion over the non-existent Amontillado. It appears that in his perspective, Montresor had sought triumph and resolution of conflict through instances of irony. For one, he expressed concern in the health of Fortunato, convincing him to decline their going to the vaults for he knew well that he would be opposed and his friend would insist and not cease in urging for them to proceed on seeing the precious cask. Such irony may be observed effective because of the growing sense of curiosity in Fortunato where it seems the re was no way he could be held back from foolish madness for what he believed to be an exquisite object of intoxication. Poe chose to present him wearing the suit of a jester with bells to symbolize the folly attached to his character and another irony goes with his name as he was often bound

Aldes Middle East (FZE). The Microeconomic And Macroeconomic Impact Of Research Paper

Aldes Middle East (FZE). The Microeconomic And Macroeconomic Impact Of Industries On The Economy Of The Uae - Research Paper Example The company was able to add 20 million Euros more in the total sales revenue in 2005. The year 2008 witnessed a very welcomed situation for the company as the revenue from sales skyrocketed to 215 million Euros in that year. (Aldes Middle East) The two products offered by the company are accessories of protection from fire and that of distribution of air. For more than three decades the company is involved in providing safer solutions to protection from fire inside all types of buildings. The company offers safe and modernized solutions to fire protection. The company has participated in several committees in Europe to deliver the experiences it has acquired in fire protection. The company offers such products with solutions that will prevent the smoke or the heat to spread to other parts apart from the area under fire. Another service by the company is solution in smoke extraction that will help people to escape from the building under fire. Another service by the company is solutio n in smoke extraction that will help people to escape from the building under fire. The company is has been able to deliver over one million fire dampers and more than 5 Lakhs dampers that exhaust smoke and guarantee the safety in buildings of all types. The company is a key player in airflow control. It has also started making grilles and diffusers in the year 2000 with the incorporation of Euro Register, a worldwide specialist. Services that provides comfort much higher than the normal level need to be developed to master the control of airflow (Aldes Middle East, air distribution). Some of the keys that will ensure perfect flow of air in home or in office are thermal control, acoustic control and aeraulic control. Within a decade the company offered a proper indoor air quality that includes air renewal and hygiene to the consumers. The company has also shed its mark in providing a correct indoor air quality and solutions that relatively consume low energy. The services include va riable air volume solutions and constant regulation of airflow. The company offers reliable, efficient and aesthetic air diffusion solutions. The company is proud to deliver more than 3 lakhs of airflow regulators in a year. The two main competitors of the company are Al-Tahadi Security and Safety and NAFFCO. Costs of Production The three costs of production involves are costs of raw materials, costs of transportation and costs of monitoring. The cost of raw materials is the most important in the production process. For fire extinguishers the raw material includes the cost of apparatus and the cost of fire extinguishing powder. The fire extinguishers are produced in a factory. From the factory, the products are transported to the showrooms or the service delivery centers. The customers arrive at those centers and it is the duty of the company to transport the products where the product is assigned to be delivered. So the transport cost is such type of cost which the company includes in the accounted price of the product. The next important cost is the cost of monitoring. The company recruits people for monitoring whether the equipments are performing correctly or in optimal fashion at the centers. The company is required to pay wages to these

The Surrealist movement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Surrealist movement - Research Paper Example The essay "The Surrealist movement" analyzes surrealism. Unlike the romantics, the surrealists believed that they could find revelations on the street and in daily life. The ideas of the Surrealist with regard to the subconscious mind, their interests in primitivism and myth shaped the concepts adopted by the Abstract Expressionists. Salvador Dali, a surrealist painter, was born in Figueras, Catalonia-Spain in 1904. He studied art in different parts of Spain and mastered the effortless adaptation of various styles into his repertoire. As a teenager, he became fascinated with the concepts and ideals of psychologist Sigmund Freud. He liked how the subconscious mind and artistic works linked. This caused him to focus greatly heavily on his art content. He was also influenced by the works of the Paris Surrealists who painted from the subconscious mind with no definitive purpose in mind of how the outcome of the work should be. The Persistence of Memory is arguably one of the most famous works of Dali which he painted in 1931 while a relatively young man. The painting depicts a number of pocket watches that are detached from their chains, slowly melting on a tree branch and on rocks. It is quite deceptive to the eye because the scene is a fantasy that is placed in a lifelike setting of the ocean. The main aspect portrayed by the painting is that objects known to be hard become inexplicably limp in the dreamscape. This has been interpreted to mean that things that appear strong and purposeful always reach a point.

The New Deal Saving Liberal Democracy Politics Essay

The New Deal Saving Liberal Democracy Politics Essay In 1932, in the midst of the economic depression Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected American president. He won the election with outstanding success, receiving 472 out of the possible 531 votes with the Electoral College and inflicting the worst defeat since 1912 upon his Republican rival1. The reason for this was the enthusiastic support given by the general population to his proposal of a New Deal a highly experimental programme of legislative reforms with no defined ideology, intended at stimulating economic recovery. Having to face a continuously worsening economic depression, with over 13 millions unemployed, Roosevelt acted quickly, and within the first hundred days of his presidency passed startling bursts of reform legislation2 which in effect prevented the collapse of the economy and began to tackle some of the most pressing social problems, primarily unemployment. Though, as Conkin states, the New Deal did not provide any new clarification of the dilemmas of liberal democracy3, if one assumes that the prime basis for liberal democracy is a prosperous society, then he is justified to claim that by preventing economic collapse, Roosevelt thus saved liberal democracy in America. For the purpose of this essay, let us accept the encyclopedic definition of liberal democracy as a representative democracy where the ability of elected representatives to exercise decision-making power is subject to the rule of law and moderated by a constitution which emphasizes the protection of the rights and freedoms of individuals and minorities (also called constitutional liberalism), and which places constraints on the extent to which the will of the majority can be exercised. Recently, the term liberal democracy came to acquire a socialist, or perhaps event communist undertone in America, but since this can be rather classified as a misunderstanding of the term, it will be neglected. Essentially, the question posed consists of two major issues; firstly, one must consider the extent to which the New Deal policies corresponded with the liberal democratic ideology, and secondly whether the New Deal actually saved American liberal democracy. The second question essentially consists of several issues; the extent to which the liberal democracy was under threat in America, the role of the New Deal in saving it, the role of other factors, and the extent to which the New Deal was a radical innovation as opposed to being simply a natural continuation of previous policies, in which case it could not be honored for saving liberal democracy. Effectively, the aim of the following essay is to suggest that the New Deal was not liberal democratic in its nature and that if it did support liberal democracy in America, which incidentally was not critically threatened, it did so as a by-consequence of trying to improve the economic situation and solely from an economic, as opposed to a political, perspective. In addition, the importance of the Second World War as a contributive factor to economic recovery will be underlined. So let us address the first question: How Liberal was the New Deal itself? From a political perspective the New Deal can hardly be classified as Liberal Democratic in nature since it did not aim to promote a representative democracy where the ability of elected representatives to exercise decision-making power is subject to the rule of law and moderated by a constitution. In fact, it did the exact opposite when Roosevelt proposed the Court reform bill4 by which he was planning to allow for the packing of the Supreme Court and which also presumed a reduction of the Courts power. Since the Court was the principal guard against the governments violation of the constitution, it clearly went directly against the liberal democratic principles. The problem was that the Court declared unconstitutional several of Roosevelt projects, and he saw it as one of the main obstacles is his way to pass legislation; he was thus determined to reform it thus overcoming its opposition. The New Deal on the whole saw an expansion of the presidential functions5 and a decline of the party system, since Roosevelt considered traditional party politics an obstacle to the modernization of American government6. Since this meant weakening the power 1 Leuchtenburg p.17 2 Badger p. 7 3 Auerbach p. 19 4 Leuchtenburg p. 237 5 Ibid. p. 327 6 Milkis p. 480 of elected representatives of the people, in also stood in contradiction with democratic principles; instead of democratic liberalism Roosevelt was aiming at militant liberalism7. In the economy, a rather pragmatic as opposed to ideological approach was adopted, and Roosevelt clearly diverged from the liberal Keynesian policies of creating full employment by means of public work schemes; one of Roosevelts main convictions was the necessity to balance the budget, and thus, governmental spending was minimized8. Hence, to help cover the costs of the emerging welfare system, taxes were increased9. So in what sense was the New Deal Liberal Democratic? The bases for the argument promoting such a view were the welfare policies one of the basic pillars of liberal democracy since more progress was made in public welfare and relief than in the [previous] three hundred years10. However, this area too was not without controversy since on the one hand as Irwin Unger argues that New Deal [was] the immediate source of the liberal welfare state11, but on the other, C. Gardner stresses the fact that it did not solve any of the fundamental problems 12. Numerous welfare policies were introduce, namely the National Youth Asssociation which was a considerable success helping young people find work13, the Home Owners Loan Corporation which protected Americans who has been hit by depression from losing their property and relief programmes such as the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, the Civil Works Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps. The greatest single reform however w as the Social Security Act which included unemployment compensation, old-age and survival insurance, public assistance programs for dependant children and the blind14, housing projects, economic relief programs15. Though overall liberal, it had several flaws; national health insurance was absent and family allowances, public assistance and unemployment insurance remain ungenerous by international standards16 whilst many categories of workers were excluded from the Act all together17. Excluded too was the black population, which became another controversial issue, since liberalism actively promotes the protection of minorities. The NRA saw the blacks being paid less than the white, the TVA largely avoided employing blacks and the AAA was not effective in protecting the interest of black sharecroppers and tenant farmers. On the whole, Roosevelt did attempt to promoted racial equality as for example by promoting blacks to secondary posts in government18; yet as many of his critics poi nt out, he did not introduce a Civil Rights Legislation19 fearing opposition from the Southern states, and hence only few welfare projects, namely the NYA, benefited the black population. Similarly, the promotion of womens rights was undertaken women being included in government for the first time20, but only on a small scale. Hence, it is debatable whether the New Deal can be classified as liberal democratic, since only from a social perspective can it truly be considered such. So how could it save liberal democracy? In order to assess that, let us first identify the threats that were present. When the New Deal was first introduced, the economy was continuously declining; the banking system was collapsing as banks were failing, demand was falling, agricultural overproduction depreciated prices and droughts further undermined the income of the farmers who were struggling to pay their taxes and debt obligations, in towns unemployment rose to 15.9% in 193121 and wages were cut, production was shrinking in most fields and workers suffered from malnutrition and destitution. In we accept that economic prosperity or at least minimal wage available to the majority of the population is a necessary requirement for Liberal Democracy, then one could easily claim that from an economic perspective the latter was increasingly under threat in America at the beginning of the 1930s, as economic plight was severe and conditions were only deteriorating. One could go as far as claiming that unless a series of effective economic reforms was introduced, the economic system would collapse bringi ng an end to liberal democracy; the scale of the economic plight was reflected in the general mood of despair and the belief that depression was permanent22 as well as increasingly emigration of workers and a drastic fall in birth rate. 7 Ibid. p. 486 8 Skocpol p. 40 9 Louchheim p. 150 10 Leuchtenburg p. 332 11 Auerbach p.18 12 Auerbach p. 20 13 Louchheim p. 296 14 Skocpol p. 38 15 Louchheim p. 260 16 Skocpol p. 37 17 Louchheim p. 151 18 Ibid. p. 260 19 Leuchtenburg p. 186 20 Ibid. p. 33 21 Badger p. 18 22 Leuchtenburg p. 29 However, surprisingly perhaps, the democratic government itself was not political threatened in any significant way. Whilst in Europe extremist parties made enormous gains in parliament and their popularity boosted up, America saw no such development and in the elections of 1932, Communists -the most extreme party prepared to challenge liberal democracy only polled 120 000 votes23. Moreover, general mood idleness prevailed and no major protests parallel to those is Europe were seen. Farm strikes, communist demonstrations and miners strikes did occur24, yet did propose an alternative communist political system, but rather simply expressed their grievances. In there was a threat, it came from the suggestions to strengthen the powers of the executive, radical enough to propose dictatorship; a dictatorial of twelve men, a supercouncil or simply a single dictator25. However, these suggestions did not generate violent opposition to the present democratic government. Though Hoovers govern ment was blamed for the depression and as William Dodd put it both political parties have been bankrupted26, the American people did not seem to lose faith in democracy as a political system and when Roosevelt proposed a new proposed a new program, they supported it with faith and enthusiasm. The reason why extremism did not threaten liberal democracy in America as it did in Europe was mainly due to the fact that America was founded upon the principles of liberty and freedom, and never experienced effective dictatorial rule as did most European countries under their monarchs. Hence, in the political sense, the New Deal cannot claim to have saved liberal democracy, since no critical threat actually existed. Ironically however, one could claim that New Deal created such a threat when in 1934 when strikes and riots began to spread27. The protests acquired a much strong communist inclination and Longs Share Our Wealth organization promoting wealth redistribution attracted increasing support28 whilst on Labour Day the textile workers carried out the largest strike ever in America. However, these threats were effectively handled by the government by force in the case of major strikes29; and the general public continued to fear Communist, which meant that no critical threat developed. Also, by adopting a more left-wing approach to the economy, the New Deal managed to undercut radical reforms30 destroying the attractiveness of radical parties. The development of left-wing radicalism can be explained by de Tocquevilles theory that evils become intolerable when avenues of escape are opened31; when the workers were given certain privileges, they began to want more. Hence, if the New Deal is to be acclaimed for handling a political threat to Liberal Democracy, it can only be with respect to the threat it generated itself. This is further supported by the argument that the New Deal created a real threat of dictatorship on Roosevelt part, since, as James Farley notes the presidents attempt to dominate his party indicated his thirst for personal power32 and some congress members genuinely feared his despotism33. Hence, major threat to Liberal Democracy was that of economic collapse, and it is by preventing such a development that the New Deal can claim to have saved the system. However, the issue is far more controversial, so let us now examine the economic policies of the New Deal and determine their influences. During the first hundred days, Roosevelt passed several important pieces of economic legislation; first was the Emergency Banking Act. This in effect revived the collapsing banking system and induced confidence in the population that banks were now safe34, thus being a crucial development as it inspired the general population with faith that the economic depression was about to end and re-established normal monetary relations within the country. Roosevelts next move was to balance by budget by means of the Economy Act; this reassured the business community of Roosevelts fiscal conservatism, and thus promoted the restoration of business relations. He then managed to counter deflation by taking America off the gold standard35, passed the National Recovery Act proposing minimal wages and maximum working hours, established the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission to oversee the stock market and introduced the Tennessee Valley Authority which was aimed at generating both electricity fo r the South and employment opportunities36. 23 Ibid. p. 26 24 Ibid. p. 25 25 Ibid. p. 30 26 Ibid. p. 27 27 Badger p. 303 28 Leuchtenburg p. 98 29 Ibid. p. 113 30 Auerbach p. 23 31 Auerbach p. 24 32 Leuchtenburg p. 278 33 Milkis p. 483 34 Leuchtenburg p. 43 35 Ibid. p. 51 36 Ibid. p. 54 Since one of the major problems caused by the depression was the plight in agriculture, the first hundred days also saw the introduction of the Agricultural Adjustment Act; this aimed to increase crop prices37, and protect farmers from uncertainties by subsidies. Though successful in bringing relative stability and prosperity to the farming community farm income rose by 50% during Roosevelts firm term38 and rural debt decreased the Act was a controversy due to the methods it employed. Crop destruction and the slaughtering of livestock to raise prices39 at a time when many families could not afford food, was seen by some as anti-social and overly-capitalist. In general, the first hundred days brought economic recovery, and saved the economy from collapse. However, not all projects were completely successful, e.g. the National Recovery Act was violated by many enterprises, and most of the changes did not in any way permanently alter the economic structure, which allowed for the same problems that caused the depression to arise later. Also, the withdrawal of capital from the economy into reserve funds may be helped to prologue the depression40. In did however induce a variety of stabilizers into the economy41 and introduced one lasting strategy the establishment of the federal government in the role of a broker and arbitrator between the different competing interest groups thus promoting private enterprise and completion, as well as succeeded in improving the overall working conditions42. One can claim that by saving America from collapse the first hundred days of the New Deal proved that democratic reform represented a viable alternative to totalitarianism43 thereby saving liberal democracy. However, one must keep in mind that it was economic recovery, not the saving of liberal democracy which was the main driving force behind the legislations. One must also consider that the success of the first hundred days was however short-lasting, and in 1937 the economy again plunged into recession after a period of revival. The economic situation deteriorated to such an extent that some of the population faced starvation44 and the problems of unemployment, though reduced, presisted. This was partly due to the failure of certain policies in the long-term, which were rather successful in the short term; in other words, the New Deal did not introduced any economic changes that would be far-reaching enough as to change the cyclic nature of the economy45 and thus did not prevent the natural recession of mid-1937. At this point it is vital to stress the importance of the Second World War for the American economy. Since the New Deal largely failed in the long term, one could easily expect that the economic problems and unemployment would persist unsolved for many years to come; the sole reason why this did not happen was the start of the Se cond World War. The war forced the government to allow large expenditures and provided an impetus for economic activity, growth and recovery (for the first time unemployment figures fell to less than 2 million) ultimately, the economic demands of the war provided demand for many industries, rising their levels of production and dragging capital into the economy. Final recovery from the depression was thus only achieved during the war, and many argue that without the opportunities that it presented, the economy under the New Deal would not be able to fully recover; A. L Hamby claims that had not World War II intervened à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the New Deal might well have been considered a failure46. However, one must not underestimate the importance of the New Deal in developing the economy to a stage where it could take effective advantage of the opportunities provided by the war. In effect, the New Deal and the Second World War were two essential steps towards total recovery which could on ly be completely when coupled. Now let us briefly look at the relation between the New Deal and policies that preceded it; many argue that the New Deal was a continuation of the Progressives policies from the before the First World War; this argument is supported by the fact that the government included many old progressives such as Roosevelt himself, and many of the policies, namely the Social Security Act carried a great degree of resemblance to the welfare policies that were being introduced under the progressives47. However, this view by and large 37 Louchheim p. 237 38 Ibid p. 237 39 Leuchtenburg p. 73 40 Louchheim p. 151 41 Hamby p. 4 42 Leuchtenburg p. 69 43 Hamby p. 5 44 Leuchtenburg p. 249 45 Ibid. p. 265 46 Hamby p. 8 47 Ibid. p. 2 incorrect since the Progressives were closely associated with the laissez-faire which the New Deal abandoned, and were motivated in their welfare policies by Victorian humanitarianism48, whereas the New Deal politicians adopted their policies out of economic necessity and liberal considerations. The New Deal differed from the programs of the Hoover administration too, since it was not limited by narrow ideological vision and could embark on rather more radical policies49 which was essential if the economy was to be saved from collapse. Now let us conclusively assess the influence of the New Deal on Liberal Democracy. The New Deal was introduced as response to an economic depression and its policies were thus targeted at solving immediate economic problems rather than saving Liberal Democracy; thus the aims of the New Deal were not liberal. It was only the welfare policies introduced under the New Deal which were of a liberal nature, and even those were adopted out of necessity rather than because of ideological considerations. However, it is correct to acknowledge that the New Deal clearly saved the faith in liberal democracy by proving that a democratic government can fight an economic crisis successfully; it significantly revived the economy and in W. Leuchtenburgs view saved capitalism50 in America. Saving that the New Deal saved Capitalism rather than Liberal Democracy more correct also for the reason that whilst capitalism was threatened by the deteriorating economic depression, Liberal Democracy did not face any significant political threats thanks to the firm democratic tradition. However, if you accept the assumption that capitalism and a prosperous economy are essential foundations for a liberal democratic society, then it is fair to claim that to a large extent the New Deal helped prevent the collapse of the liberal democratic system in America.

Communism In The Soviet Union And Why It Failed Essay -- Communism Essa

Communism in the Soviet Union and Why it Failed Communism is defined as "a system of political and economic organization in which property is owned by the community and all citizens share in the enjoyment of the common wealth, more or less according to their need." In 1917 the rise of power in the Marxist-inspired Bolsheviks in Russia along with the consolidation of power by Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin, the word communism came to mean a totalitarian system controlled by a single political party. This came to justify that the means of production is controlled and the wealth is distributed with the goal of producing a classless or possibly a stateless society. The ideological meaning of communism arose in 1848 with the publication of the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. They believed that communism is inevitable and is an outcome of the historical process. They believed that the "struggle between an exploiting class, the capatalists at present age, and an exploited class, the workers, would enter a crucial stage in the period of capitalism where industrialization occurs and that the effects of industrialization is to heighten and intensify the internal contradictions in capitalism." To put it bluntly they believed that the ownership of industry would be in fewer and fewer hands where the workers would plunge into a state of ever-increasing misery. These impoverished workers grow in numbers and organize themselves into a political party which would lead a revolution in which they dispose of the capitalists. The proletariat would establish a society governed by a " dictatorship of the proletariat" based on communal ownership of the wealth. According to Marx this phase of human society is referred to as socialism. Communism is the final transcendence of this revolution in which there is a break up and elimination of the state and no class division. That is the primary reason that it was called the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In 1991 the Soviet Union collapsed. What was the problem with this system of government, if this is a workers paradise what happened ? What did the Soviet Union do wrong to cause a breakdown of their ideal system ? In this paper I will explore the rise of the Soviet power and causes of the 1991 breakup. The person who started the whole transition into a communist empire was ... ...nd lacked spark. The respect and fear they once generated was rapidly declining in an increasingly young and educated country. This weakness of political dissent within the Soviet Union was also important to the crisis. It planted seeds of antitotalitarianism and anticommunism in the native soil. Also the potential for political action sunk to an all time low in the community. The final problem that they encountered was in their relationships with other nations and ethnic groups. This may have been the most potent flaw in their system. Non-Russian ethnic regions contained under developed, peasant cultures. These groups were able to resist with surprising force subordination to Russian culture or submersion into the Soviet state. This lack of development led to cultivation of old ethnic identities and the process of modernization only created new strains. The Soviet Union lost all of its internal vitality, the powers of the regime were still intense. Decay was probably unavoidable but the disintegration did not seem immediate. The counter actions to the already failing government are what caused the final demise of the nation, the actions only accelerated the demise of communism.

Cash Flows Essay

â€Å"The statement of cash flows reports the cash receipts, cash payments, and net change in cash resulting from operating, investing, and financing activities during a period† (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2010, p. 614). Companies are required to prepare a statement of cash flow because it contains important information about the company that deems useful for external sources, such as investors, to make educated decisions about a company. The information contained in the cash flow, such as the company’s ability to generate cash and meet obligations, assists creditors and investors to determine the adequate decision regarding extending credit or investing. The statement of cash flows is divided into three sections: Operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities (Weygandt, et al, 2010). Each of these sections have reflect their own characteristics of transactions and other events. First, operating activities include transactions that create revenues and expenses; these are included in the determination of net income (Weygandt, et al, 2010). Second, investing activities has two purposes: includes the acquisition and disposing of investments and property, plant, and equipment, and lending money and collecting the loans (Weygandt, et al, 2010). Third, financing activities include two purposes: obtaining cash from issuing debt and repaying the amounts borrowed, and obtaining cash from stockholders, repurchasing shares, and paying dividends (Weygandt, et al, 2010, p. 615). Operating activities, which include income statement items are: Cash inflows – from sale of goods and services, and from interest received from dividends received; Cash outflows – to suppliers for inventory, employees for services, and others for expenses (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2010, p. 616). Investing activities – investments and long-term assets: Cash inflows – from sale of property, plant, and equipment, and collections on loans to other entities; Cash outflows – to purchase property, plant, and equipment, purchas e investments in debt, and making loans to other entities (Weygandt,  Kimmel, & Kieso, 2010, p. 616). Financing activities involves long-term liabilities and stockholders’ equity: Cash inflows – from sale of common stock, and from issuance of long-term debt; Cash outflows – to stockholders as dividends, and to redeem long-term debt or reacquire capital stock (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2010, p. 616). References Weygandt, J. J., Kimmel, P. D., & Kieso, D. E. (2010). Financial accounting (7th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Free Essays on The Political Economy Of Pets

Nearly every normal family has one, and why not? They’re cute and cuddly, they love you, and people love them. After all, pets are normal commodities, owned by normal people. In this paper I will be examining the political economy of pets. First of all you may be thinking â€Å"do pets have a political economy?† Well, of course they do. The first article I stumbled across, and the article that truly inspired the theme of this paper, is â€Å"Go Go Dog!’ And German Turks’ Demand For Pet Dogs† by A. Caglar. In this article the author discusses the functions of the pets that the German Turks own. There are three categories of dogs that are owned: The fighting dog, the guard dog, and the lap dog. Each dog serves a specific purpose, and therefore has certain ideal traits with which to serve that purpose. A guard dog is protective, and frightening; a fighting dog is macho, strong, and fierce; a lap dog is affectionate and loveable. People desiring to supplement their current identities with such traits own such dogs. The dog’s qualities become a part of the person’s image, and even status. I agree with the overview that Caglar presented in this article. Pets add certain qualities t o their owners by their actions, pedigrees, breeds, and behavior. In this paper I will be referring to dogs, as they are stereotypically the most common pet choice from within our culture. In America today, there are 43,143,849 dog owners owning a total of 61,542,900 million dogs. Of those 43,143,849 dog owners, 28,539,216 purchase Christmas gifts for their dogs. By examining that fact alone it is not surprising that the pet industry is expected to rake in $30 billion by the year 2003. The enormous growth of the pet industry is due to the new trend that shows Americans are becoming more interested in owning pets and less in the dwindling rate of population growth. Entrepreneurs acting on this trend seem to have struck it rich in regards to a consumer m... Free Essays on The Political Economy Of Pets Free Essays on The Political Economy Of Pets Nearly every normal family has one, and why not? They’re cute and cuddly, they love you, and people love them. After all, pets are normal commodities, owned by normal people. In this paper I will be examining the political economy of pets. First of all you may be thinking â€Å"do pets have a political economy?† Well, of course they do. The first article I stumbled across, and the article that truly inspired the theme of this paper, is â€Å"Go Go Dog!’ And German Turks’ Demand For Pet Dogs† by A. Caglar. In this article the author discusses the functions of the pets that the German Turks own. There are three categories of dogs that are owned: The fighting dog, the guard dog, and the lap dog. Each dog serves a specific purpose, and therefore has certain ideal traits with which to serve that purpose. A guard dog is protective, and frightening; a fighting dog is macho, strong, and fierce; a lap dog is affectionate and loveable. People desiring to supplement their current identities with such traits own such dogs. The dog’s qualities become a part of the person’s image, and even status. I agree with the overview that Caglar presented in this article. Pets add certain qualities t o their owners by their actions, pedigrees, breeds, and behavior. In this paper I will be referring to dogs, as they are stereotypically the most common pet choice from within our culture. In America today, there are 43,143,849 dog owners owning a total of 61,542,900 million dogs. Of those 43,143,849 dog owners, 28,539,216 purchase Christmas gifts for their dogs. By examining that fact alone it is not surprising that the pet industry is expected to rake in $30 billion by the year 2003. The enormous growth of the pet industry is due to the new trend that shows Americans are becoming more interested in owning pets and less in the dwindling rate of population growth. Entrepreneurs acting on this trend seem to have struck it rich in regards to a consumer m...

Free Essays on The Vietnam War

THE VIETNAM WAR At last for thirteen years of fighting with North Vietnam and allies with South Vietnam, The Paris Peace Talks Treaty was finally signed, the war was ended. The Peace Treaty created a compromise to reunite the two Vietnams, and allow the United States to withdraw their military forces. This ended any conflict between Vietnam and the United States. The United States was drawn into the war based on the economic and the previously controlled colony of France need to secure the rubber and banana plantations, for the South Vietnams businessmen. Also oil from off shore drilling was located close to the port of Saigon, which used the port to supply oil tankers. The treaties of S.E.A.T.O.{South East Asia Treaty Organization}joined Australia, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Thailand, The Phillipines, and the United States, to become allies to the Republic of South Vietnam. The division of Vietnam into two separate nations gave little choice for the allies to support. The South Vietnam resources and the port of Saigon would be a free republic as long the allies could defend them from domination from the industrialized nation of North Vietnam. North Vietnam was supported by the U.S.S.R. and supplied by Soviet block with weapons. Led by Ho Chi Mien a nationalist schooled in Russia, The North Vietnam armies stood in opposition to the South Vietnam Government. After the fall of Saigon the city was renamed Ho Chi Mien City and still has that name to Another ally to North Vietnam government was the weather and terrain vast jungles, swamps, rice patties, and mountains made slow to impossible travel for the large military machine U.S. Monsoon season virtually stopped all actions of the Americans for about ninety days a year. Typhoons were always a threat to the South Vietnam allies grounding flights and stopping highway supplies. Heat and humidity of ... Free Essays on The Vietnam War Free Essays on The Vietnam War THE VIETNAM WAR At last for thirteen years of fighting with North Vietnam and allies with South Vietnam, The Paris Peace Talks Treaty was finally signed, the war was ended. The Peace Treaty created a compromise to reunite the two Vietnams, and allow the United States to withdraw their military forces. This ended any conflict between Vietnam and the United States. The United States was drawn into the war based on the economic and the previously controlled colony of France need to secure the rubber and banana plantations, for the South Vietnams businessmen. Also oil from off shore drilling was located close to the port of Saigon, which used the port to supply oil tankers. The treaties of S.E.A.T.O.{South East Asia Treaty Organization}joined Australia, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Thailand, The Phillipines, and the United States, to become allies to the Republic of South Vietnam. The division of Vietnam into two separate nations gave little choice for the allies to support. The South Vietnam resources and the port of Saigon would be a free republic as long the allies could defend them from domination from the industrialized nation of North Vietnam. North Vietnam was supported by the U.S.S.R. and supplied by Soviet block with weapons. Led by Ho Chi Mien a nationalist schooled in Russia, The North Vietnam armies stood in opposition to the South Vietnam Government. After the fall of Saigon the city was renamed Ho Chi Mien City and still has that name to Another ally to North Vietnam government was the weather and terrain vast jungles, swamps, rice patties, and mountains made slow to impossible travel for the large military machine U.S. Monsoon season virtually stopped all actions of the Americans for about ninety days a year. Typhoons were always a threat to the South Vietnam allies grounding flights and stopping highway supplies. Heat and humidity of ...

Art Up Close Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art Up Close - Essay Example The painting that I chose to work on is Willem de Kooning’s â€Å"Woman†. The masterpiece is dominated by shades of purple and flesh. It is an abstract interpretation of a woman and the artist used lines to convey his thought regarding his chosen subject. What is most noticeable about the painting is that it is composed of diagonal lines and the woman’s figure is not obviously depicted. There are, however, certain figures that are implied to be one of the woman’s body parts. One particular example is the woman’s head. It is not clearly portrayed as a head, but the eye gives a hint that it is the face of a woman. It also shows that the woman’s head is tilting, which somehow, suggests loneliness. One of the obvious marks in the painting is the cluster of red brush strokes in the upper right hand corner. This may symbolize blood or imply that the woman is in pain. A stroke of line that surrounds the woman’s body looks like a veil which me ans that the woman is another version of the old woman figures such as Madonna and Venus. As mentioned before, the painting is composed, mainly, of lines. Most of the lines are also sharp and jagged which further denote emotional instability or turmoil. Since the artist did not use much curved lines for the painting, there is also not much softness with the emotion conveyed. Most of the lines are overlapping and there are certain spaces and figures that are covered by these lines. However, as noticed, there is a soft stroke of line just below the eyes which could symbolize tears.

The Paradox of Brand Boratistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Paradox of Brand Boratistan - Essay Example spective, as the saying goes, any publicity is good publicity, so many people see Cohen’s movie as actually brining wanted attention to the country. It is the overall assumption of the current report that in the movie, the character Borat mostly represented Kazahkstan in terms of very negative stereotypes that hurt the country’s national image, especially during a time in which this image was nascent. In other words, before this nation can be known for something positive, it is already in a mud-bath of bad publicity depicting the country’s men as pigs and women as abused and ignorant. Overall, Borat as a character represents very negative stereotypes. The movie doesn’t spend much time in the fictional Kazakhstan of wherever it was filmed, but what time is spent there, early in the movie, hits some very hard notes of satire for this very brief period. The audience sees Kazakhstan as a place where donkeys pull half-trucks around unpaved towns, where the men are unafraid to involve their own family in pornography, and where there is no discernable place of culture or development. Then, the movie goes into the infamous and offensive scene of the Kazakhstan parade, in which the â€Å"Jew egg† hatches and the villagers celebrate in a ritual of merry and explicit anti-Semitism. This is not incisive, cutting sarcasm; the weapon is more of a cudgel. And the target, unfortunately, is Kazakhstan. The national image of the country is invariably negative, and, as one Kazakhstan resident complains on the internet, â€Å"Unfortunately, in todays world where every thing is about image, when somebody with influence spills mud on you it sticks. I havent watched Borat but read about him everywhere. I think this character is irrevocably damaging Kazakhstans reputation as a country where abuse of women is common and all men are macho fools† (National, 2009). From another perspective, however, one could argue that Borat is a fictional character, protected by free speech,

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Project - Assignment Example The contaminants do not necessarily pose health risks however they have significant influence on the quality of the water and its applications. Water is filtered, fluoridated or physically inspected to ensure acceptable quality. The EPA provides regulations and standards of water systems. Drinking water systems can be distinguished into two categories. First, is the public water systems which are under the EPA regulations and the second is private or individual water systems that which are independent of EPA regulations and it’s the owner’s initiative to maintain the quality of water by ensuring it is free of contaminants (CDC, 1). Approximately 286 million American’s are dependent on tap water from public water systems regulated and monitored as per EPA regulations compared 45 million (15%) who rely on privately owned water systems. This clearly indicates a need for continuous and routine assessment of quality. In privately owned water systems the quality and quantity of water through design can be manipulated to meet the owner’s requirements. Properly constructed and maintained wells will provide sufficient, safe water at minimal cost. Dissolve minerals and odors are common problems associated with individual wells, but they quickly diagnosed and managed. Public water systems are associated with a high cost of construction and maintenance of the high demand. The provider regulates the contents according to approved standards and guidelines. Problems are hard to detect and control and in some cases long transport routes have been associated with stale water. Also, the quality of water at source and point of use cannot be determined to be same. Chlorinated water has been reported to mesh with organic materials to form gasses such as trihalomethane. Since the provision of these services is levied, they are associated with an increased cost of living and undesired growth. (Yoder 1). Taste, color, order, staining and fixture in clothes are

Questions to Ask Before You Believe a Pol Essay Example for Free

Questions to Ask Before You Believe a Pol Essay Opinion polls and other sample surveys can produce accurate and useful information if the pollster uses good statistical techniques and also works hard at preparing a sampling frame, wording questions, and reducing nonresponse. Many surveys, however, especially those designed to influence public opinion rather than just record it, do not produce accurate or useful information. Here are some questions to ask before you pay much attention to poll results. †¢Who carried out the survey? Even a political party should hire a professional sample survey firm whose reputation demands that they follow good survey practices. †¢What was the population? That is, whose opinions were being sought? †¢How was the sample selected? Look for mention of random sampling. †¢How large was the sample? Even better, find out both the sample size and the margin of error within which the results of 95% of all samples drawn as this one was would fall. †¢What was the response rate? That is, what percent of the original subjects actually provided information? †¢How were the subjects contacted? By telephone? Mail? Face-to-face interview? †¢When was the survey conducted? Was it just after some event that might have influenced opinion? †¢What were the exact questions asked? Academic survey centers and government statistical offices answer these questions when they announce the results of a sample survey. National opinion polls usually don’t announce their response rate (which is often low) but do give us the other information. Editors and newscasters have the bad habit of cutting out these dull facts and reporting only the sample results. Many sample surveys by interest groups and local newspapers and TV stations don’t answer these questions because their polling methods are in fact unreliable. If a politician, an advertiser, or your local TV station announces the results of a poll without complete information, be skeptical. Even professional sample surveys don’t give exactly correct information about the population. There are many potential sources of error in sampling. The margin of error announced by a sample survey covers only random sampling error, the variation due to chance in choosing a random sample. Other types of error are in addition to the margin of error and can’t be directly measured. Sampling errors come from the act of choosing a sample. Random sampling error and undercoverage are common types of sampling error. Undercoverage occurs when some members of the population are left out of the sampling frame, the list from which the sample is actually chosen. The most serious errors in most careful surveys, however, are non-sampling errors. These have nothing to do with choosing a sample—they are present even in a census. The single biggest problem for sample surveys is nonresponse: subjects can’t be contacted or refuse to answer. Mistakes in handling the data (processing errors) and incorrect answers by respondents (response errors) are other examples of non-sampling errors.

Highly Homogeneous Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles Production

Highly Homogeneous Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles Production SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION A simple and economical route has been prepared for producing three series of highly homogeneous copper ferrite nanoparticles. The ferrite sample was prepared by conventional oxide ceramic method.The ferrite system formed isCuFe2-2yAl2yO4(where y=0.0, 0.05, 0.15 0.25). The effect of aluminum content on structural, electrical and magnetic properties was studied. The microstructural properties of the prepared samples are investigated using X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope, and Infra red absorption spectroscopy.The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal inverse spinel tetragonal structure for all the synthesized samples. The average crystal sizes were calculated using Scheerer formula. The crystal size calculated in the present study is found in the nano range 50nm to 100 nm. For all the synthesized samples, the X- ray density and physical density is found to decrease with increase in Al concentration. The Curie temperature was determined from the susceptibility measurements. It show the phase transition of ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic to paramagnetic substance. The changing Curie temperature values give us the information about the strength of the A-B exchange interactions and the thermal stability of the ferromagnetic characteristics. Below the Curie temperature; the magnetic material shows continuous magnetization. Above the Curie temperature; the magnetic material does not show any magnetization. The Curie temperature is affected by the A-B distance. The Curie temperature decreases with increase in the distance A-B. In the ferromagnetic class Fe3+ ion is having the highest magnetic moment and thus it plays an important role in deciding properties. Therefore Curie temperature is directly linked with Fe3+ ion participating in A-B interaction. The value of Curie temperature is found to be decrease with decrease in Fe3+ ion concenteration.The magnetic susceptibility of the ferrim agnetic materials increase with increase in temperature. At a certain temperature; called Curie temperature (Tc) the material lose its ferrimagnetic nature and become paramagnetic. Sudden drop in magnetic susceptibility is observed at Tc. The electrical properties of ferrites are usually based on the band structure and carrier hoping model. Ferrites have higher resistance than metals by several times. They are also regarded as very structure sensitive material. This created considerable interest in many research workers for the development and potential application of ferrites in the electronic industry. The conductivity of ferrite is greatly influenced by porosity, grain size and microstructure of the sample. It is observed that DC electrical resistivity increases with increasing concentration of Al3+ ions. The activation energies in both ferrimagnetic and paramagnetic region of the composition are determined from the slope of respective lines. Activation energies in ferromagnetic region are found very less than that of a paramagnetic region. These investigated results are in good agreement with reported in literature.For ferromagnetic material ,the activation energy lies in between 0.1 eV to 0.3 eV and for ferromagn etic it is in between 0.3 eV to 0.5 eV. In ionic crystal the dielectric constant decreases rapidly with increasing frequency and then reaches a constant value. It is seen that the value of the dielectric constant is very high at low frequencies and decreases with increasing frequency, then at higher frequency they become almost constant. The electron exchange between Fe+2 and Fe+3 ions cannot follow the change of the external field beyond certain frequency. Due to this fact the dielectric constant dectreases with increase in frequency.The dielectric constant ÃŽ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ and dielectric loss tangent tanÃŽ ´ decreases with increasing frequency for all CuFe2-2yAl2yO4 compositions. It is seen that the value of dielectric constant ÃŽ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ and dielectric loss tangent tanÃŽ ´ increases with addition of Al3+ ions. The decrease in the electrical resistivity at low temperature is attributed to the impurities, which reside at the grain boundaries. The decrease in resistivity with increasing temperature could be attributed to neg ative temperature coefficient of resistance of CuFe2-2yAl2yO4. Therefore it is concluded that aluminum content influences electrical conductivity and microstructure of copper ferrite. The variation of AC resistivity is nearly frequency independent at low frequencies. It is also seen that, the resistivity varies with aluminum content. As the aluminum content increases, the ac resistivity decreases. The behaviour of data indicates that, hoping of charge carrier among localized is more predominant. It is also found that small polarons play a role in the conduction process.The conduction mechanism and dielectric behaviour are found to be strongly colrelated for all the prepared samples. Conclusions: An attempt is made to meet the challenges for the advancements in the new ferrite technology. The variation in the structural, electrical and magneticproperties of spinel copper ferrites introduced by the substitution of aluminum. The obtained results are summarized with following important concluding remarks: †¢ XRD analysis revealed that all the samples have single phase cubic spinel structure. †¢ Crystallite size lied within 50 nm to 100 nm. †¢ All the samples are slightly porous evident from SEM analysis †¢ X-Ray density decreases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Physical density decreases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Porosity increases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Particle size increases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Ionic radii RA( Tetrahedral side) increases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Ionic radii RB( Octahedral side) increases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Ionic bond length A-O decreases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Ionic bond length B-O increases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Ionic bond length A-O decreases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Lattice constant ‘a’ increases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Lattice constant ‘c’ decreases with increase in Al+3 content. †¢ Dielectric constant ÃŽ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢decreases with increase in frequency. †¢ Dielectric loss factor ÃŽ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ decreases with increase in frequency. †¢ Loss tangent also decreases with increase in frequency. †¢ A.C. resistivity remains approximately uniform over a wide range of frequency. †¢ D.C. resistivity increases with increase in temperature. †¢ Curie temperature decreases with Al+3 content. †¢ Saturation magnetisation decreases with Al+3 content. †¢ Magnetic moment decreases with Al+3 content. †¢ Retentivity decreases with Al+3 content. †¢ Coercivity decreases with Al+3 content. †¢ The dielectric constant and dielectric loss decreases with the increase in frequencyin all the samples of the four series investigated. †¢ The synthesized nanomaterials possess high saturation magnetization, lowcoercivity and improved room temperature resistivity together with low dielectricloss. †¢ Data obtained demonstrate the ability to tune properties of doped copper-ferrite tomatch intended applications.